Hepatic 5D flow: An Effective Acquisition and Reconstruction Scheme for Portal Vein

Motivation: 4D flow imaging in the liver suffers from long acquisition time and inefficient motion control. Goal(s): Address the challenges of prolonged acquisition time and significant motion artifacts in hepatic 4D flow imaging. Approach: We collected data from all respiratory states without a diaphragm navigator, and retrospectively reconstructed respiratory-resolved 5D flow using simultaneously recorded breathing signal. Results: This scheme reduced the acquisition time from over 10 minutes to 6-8 minutes, while maintaining consistent image quality with few motion artifacts. High quantitative correlation in hepatic hemodynamic results was found between the results from prospectively navigated data and retrospectively binned data. Impact: The proposed hepatic 5D flow scheme achieved high image quality and quantitative metrics, compared with those of diaphragm navigated results. This scheme can effectively shorten the acquisition time to 6-8 minutes and mitigate motion artifacts.