Brain Microstructural Changes in Children with Infantile Tremor Syndrome After Vitamin-B12 Intervention Using Diffusion Tensor Imaging

Motivation: Infantile Tremor syndrome (ITS) is a neurocutaneous syndrome observed in infants breastfed by vegetarian mothers who are deficient in vitamin B12. Its is accompanied by cerebral and white matter atrophy, delayed myelination, and delayed neurodevelopment. Goal(s): To evaluate the efficacy of B12 treatment in infants with ITS on microstructural development and myelination using DTI. Approach: In this longitudinal study, changes in DTI metrics are evaluated before and after vitamin B12 treatment using an atlas-based approach. Results: Results show substantial increases in WM FA and decrease in WM RD, as evidence of the role of B12 in the myelination process. Impact: Our findings will contribute to understanding the pathophysiological basis of ITS and highlight the efficacy of B12 treatment in rapidly reversing delayed brain development