Stiffness-Transformable Nanoplatforms Loaded with Irisin: Tumor Microenvironment Responsiveness for MRI and Ferroptosis Induction

Motivation: MnO2 combined with MONs offers potential for accurate tumor diagnosis and treatment. Our MMONs, with adjustable hardness, address issues with hard and soft nanoparticles, showing tumor responsivity and enabling MRI. Irisin loading boosts ferroptosis in drug-resistant tumors. Goal(s): The synthesis of a stiffness-transformable nanoplatform loaded with Irisin achieves magnetic resonance imaging and induces ferroptosis in the tumor microenvironment. Approach: MMONs and MMONs-Irisin were synthesized, characterized, and their magnetic resonance imaging and cytotoxic effects were validated at both cellular and animal levels. Results: MMONs-Irisin is deformable, exhibits excellent magnetic resonance imaging effects, and promotes ferroptosis in tumors. Impact: MMONs are GSH-responsive, with higher T1 and T2 relaxation rates than Magnevist at equal concentrations. They adjust stiffness for enhanced tumor uptake, loaded with Irisin, combat chemotherapy resistance through ferroptosis. MMONs-Irisin holds potential for safe, integrated cancer diagnosis and treatment.