Management of Congenital Scoliosis Presented to Department of Orthopedic & Spine HMC: A Single Center Experience

Objective: To evaluate the impact of congenital scoliosis on spinal curvature severity and quality of life in patients treated at a single center in Pakistan, with a focus on demographic distribution, Cobb angle, and quality of life outcomes. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was conducted from June 2013 to June 2023 at the Orthopedics and Spine Department, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar. The study included 100 patients aged 1 to 30 years diagnosed with congenital scoliosis. Data on demographics, Cobb angle measurements, and quality of life (using the SRS-22 questionnaire) were collected. Statistical analyses, including t-tests and chi-square tests, were performed to examine associations between gender, Cobb angle, and quality of life, with significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The mean age of participants was 15.2 years (SD = 8.4), with an even gender distribution (52% male). The average Cobb angle was 49.7 degrees (SD = 18.6), indicating moderate to severe scoliosis, with no significant difference between genders (mean Cobb angle: males = 51.2°, females = 48.1°; p = 0.26). Quality of life scores averaged 3.7 (SD = 0.9), and a moderate negative correlation was found between Cobb angle and quality of life score (r = -0.35), suggesting that more severe curvature is associated with lower quality of life. A chi-square test also indicated no significant association between gender and scoliosis severity (p = 0.99). Conclusion: This study emphasizes the impact of congenital scoliosis on quality of life, with severity of spinal curvature correlating with reduced well-being. The findings highlight the need for early diagnosis and targeted intervention to optimize outcomes. This foundational data contributes to the understanding and management of congenital scoliosis in similar healthcare settings.