Analysis of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data in Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Managed with Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion During Hospital Stay and After Discharge from the Hospital

Background and Aim: The effectiveness of insulin therapy in a hospital setting and in the real life can vary significantly. The aim of this study was to analyze time in range (TIR) and glucose variability (GV) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) during inpatient treatment and after discharge from the hospital. Materials and Methods: The study included patients with type 1 diabetes (n=48) receiving insulin therapy in the CSII regimen. Flash Glucose Monitoring (FGM) or continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) was performed during the inpatient phase and for two weeks after hospital discharge. From the obtained FGM records, parameters were calculated that characterize the spread of glucose values, the amplitude of fluctuations, the rate of change in glucose levels, as well as many other indicators of glucose variability (GV) and time parameters in ranges (TIRs). Results: Most patients demonstrated deterioration of the glycemic control parameters after the hospital discharge. In the real-world settings, TIR values reduced, meanwhile Time Above Range (TAR) and Time Below Range (TBR) values increased when compared to those achieved in the hospital. Most patients did not achieve target TIR values. Conclusion: In patients with type 1 diabetes with newly initiated or adjusted CSII in a hospital setting, a deterioration in glycemic control parameters is observed in the first 2 weeks after discharge from the hospital. The results obtained must be taken into account in subsequent therapeutic training of patients.