Logical Methods for Modeling Reasoning, Concepts and Representations Based on the Partial Model Theory

The article is devoted to the problem of formalization and modeling of human reasoning for their further automation and software implementation. The purpose of such automation can be the development of intellectual assistants in various spheres of activity. The intellectual assistant in prospect can partially or completely replace the sales manager, conducting argumentative dialog with the client in automatic or semi-automatic mode. Also, as an application of methods for automating human reasoning can be the development of a digital consultant, which selects for the manager the possible options of proposals that can satisfy the customer. The manager then selects the most suitable options from his point of view, offers them to the customer and explains why these options will suit the customer. We continue to develop a model-theoretic approach to the formalization of thinking, reasoning, consciousness, and reflection based on the application of the Partial Model Theory. In this paper, we formalize and model purposeful reasoning aimed at solving the problem of achieving the “ideal final result” required by the client. For this purpose, we construct a sequence of partial models, each of which is a supermodel of the previous one, specifying the client's requirements to the desired result. In order to model purposeful reasoning, concepts and representations are formalized. In such a way, formalization and modeling of conceptual reasoning aimed at achieving a given result is performed.