Analysis of Added Postoperative Diplopia After Transnasal Endoscopic Inferomedial Wall Decompression for Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy

Postoperative diplopia (both new-onset and aggravated) increased in TAO with transnasal endoscopic inferomedial wall decompression. Most added diplopia was horizontal and most added strabismus was esotropia. They were closely associated with changes in the medial rectus's thickness, displacement, and structural alterations. The preoperative medial rectus volume is one of the possible markers of further postoperative diplopia.