Thalamic and dentate nuclei involvement in an infant with propofol related infusion syndrome: A case report

Propofol related infusion syndrome is a rare and potentially lethal complication of propofol infusion. The syndrome is clinically characterized by multiorgan failure and brain injury has also been reported. We report the case of symmetric thalami, innominate substance and dentate nuclei involvement with left middle cerebral artery stroke in a five-month-old infant who presented with multiorgan failure concerning for propofol related infusion syndrome. • Propofol related infusion syndrome (PRIF) is a rare and potentially lethal complication of propofol infusion. • Brain injury is not usually associated with PRIS in infants. • PRIS affects the highly metabolic regions of the brain such as thalami and dentate nuclei. • Metabolic disorders, seizures and hypoxic encephalopathy can mimic MRI findings of PRIS.