Microbiome and Ulcerative Colitis; An Insight into the Interaction between Bacteria and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Review Article

Introduction: Ulcerative colitis, also known as intestinal colitis, is a relatively common and chronic condition characterized by inflammation of the large intestine. This disorder falls under the category of inflammatory bowel diseases and shares notable similarities with Crohn's disease The large intestine is responsible for extracting nutrients from undigested food while expelling waste through the rectum or anus in the form of feces Humans are almost identical in their genetic sequence, but small differences in our DNA lead to tremendous phenotypic diversity among the human population. The various types of microbial communities and their genetic material (the microbiome) present in the human body play a crucial role in health and disease. Numerous studies have established a link between ulcerative colitis and the human microbiome. Conclusion: Changes in the microbiome's diversity can be one of the reasons for the development of ulcerative colitis. Investigating the relationship between the microbiome and ulcerative colitis can suggest new treatment methods such as stool transplantation.