Evaluation of Failure Factors of Fixed Prosthesis in a Sample of Yemeni Dental Patients - Sana'a City

Tooth loss is a prevalent global health issue. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that nearly 7% of individuals aged 20 or older have complete tooth loss, increasing to 23% for those aged 60 or older. Fixed partial dentures (FPDs) are a common restorative option but often face failure. Aim: This study investigated factors contributing to FPD failure in Yemeni patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 208 FPD failure cases from 117 patients. Clinical examination, periodontal probing, and radiographic assessment were performed. Data on biological, mechanical, and aesthetic failures were collected. Results: Biological factors accounted for 75% of failures, followed by aesthetic (18%) and mechanical (7%). The primary biological contributors were poor oral hygiene, periodontal problems, and food impaction. The most common mechanical failures were prosthesis fractures and dislodgements. Shade mismatch was the primary aesthetic issue. Conclusion: FPD failures in Yemeni patients were primarily attributed to biological factors, emphasizing the importance of oral hygiene and periodontal health maintenance. Addressing these factors is crucial for the long-term success of FPDs.