FOUNDATIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF BIPOLAR AFFECTIVE DISORDER IN ADULTS: INTEGRATIVE REVIEW

In order to identify in the literature the main therapeutic methods in the treatment of Bipolar Affective Disorder, in its various phases, in adults, an integrative literature review was carried out.Using the SciELO and LILACS databases, 8 articles were selected, published between January 2002 and January 2013.From these, two large groups of therapeutic approaches were delimited: (1) Pharmacological approach; (2) Non-pharmacological approach.Based on the literature, Olanzapine, ziprasidone, haloperidol and promethazine, haloperidol and midazolam and haloperidol are effective in controlling agitation and violent behavior through tranquilization after 12 hours, however, the combination of midazolam and haloperidol has the worst results among the others.In the prevention of new affective episodes, no medication has the level of evidence of lithium.Although the evidence for the efficacy of divalproate and carbamazepine in preventing recurrences remains uncertain, both are widely accepted as standard treatment for BAD.In addition, studies suggest that psychotherapy should be used in association with pharmacological treatment, as they promote a reduction in the frequency and duration of mood episodes, increased adherence to medication, a reduction in relapses and clinical impressions of general improvement.