Endobronchial Stent—A Novel Procedure for Refractory Bronchomalacia in a Three-week Neonate with Complex Congenital Heart Disease

Bronchomalacia (BM) is defined as excessive collapsibility of one or both of the mainstem bronchi and/or their divisions at the lobar or segmental level. The cause can be primary structural deformity or extrinsic compression and is commonly associated with congenital heart disease. Here we report an interesting case of a 3-week-old neonate with complex congenital heart disease with persistent left lung collapse postoperatively and diagnosed to have severe BM. Extrinsic compression was ruled out. He underwent internal bronchial stenting for the same. The gastrostomy and fundoplication were performed because of severe gastroesophageal reflux disease and he was discharged home successfully on room air with a gastrostomy tube in situ.