The Effectiveness and Application of Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation in the Prevention of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Background: Effective management of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is crucial for enhancing postoperative recovery and improving the quality of life. Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) is an innovative non-pharmacological intervention that has gained significant attention in PONV management, especially following thoracic surgery. Methods: This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness and application potential of TEAS in alleviating PONV and promoting postoperative recovery. The review includes a detailed analysis of recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies that investigate the use of TEAS in various surgical procedures, with a particular focus on video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy (VATSL). The principles, procedures, and safety aspects of TEAS are comprehensively discussed. Results: The analysis of the included studies demonstrates that TEAS is effective in reducing the incidence of PONV and improving postoperative recovery outcomes across different types of surgeries, including VATSL and other common surgical procedures. The effectiveness of TEAS in PONV management is supported by evidence from multiple RCTs and observational studies, which report a significant reduction in nausea and vomiting rates, as well as improved recovery indicators. Conclusion: TEAS shows promising potential as a non-pharmacological intervention for managing PONV and enhancing postoperative recovery. However, the current evidence highlights several limitations and controversies that require further investigation. Future research should focus on addressing these gaps and exploring new directions for the application of TEAS. Practical recommendations are provided for the clinical application of TEAS, emphasizing its role in effective PONV management to promote better postoperative outcomes.