The Design of Fiber Optical Sensor for the detection of Anthocyanin level in Blueberry

Blueberries' freshness, maturity, and nutritional worth can only be determined by their anthocyanin concentration. Known for its antioxidant qualities, anthocyanins are the pigments that give blueberries red, purple, and blue hues. Conventional techniques, such as spectrophotometry and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), are very accurate yet costly, time-consuming, and destructive when used to measure anthocyanin quantities. Conversely, fiber optic sensors (FOS) use the absorption characteristics of visible light, namely in the 520-580 nm range, to provide a real-time, invasive option for anthocyanin detection. The main goal of this study is to simulate and create a fiber optic sensor to assess the amount of anthocyanins in crushed blueberries. A smashed Blueberry was used to simulate the transmission and absorption of light. This technique for quick and accurate anthocyanin measurement by simulating light propagation and absorption in crushed Blueberry samples and designing an ideal fiber optic setup. To construct the sensor, the right materials must be chosen, the system must be calibrated with different levels of anthocyanin concentrations, and FOS and laboratory testing must confirm its functionality. According to the results, fiber optic sensors have great promise for use in precision farming and quality control settings in the agricultural and food processing industries.