Primary liver yolk sac tumor with lung metastasis in adolescence: Rare case report

Introduction: Germ cell tumors (GCTs) often arise within the gonads but occasionally appear within the extragonadal areas. Yolk sac tumors (YSTs), a type of GCT, are most often found in infants and adolescents due to puberty. However, primary liver YST cases are rare, with only one other reported case in the adolescent population. Case Report: The current case examines a 15-year-old female patient experiencing significant weight loss, respiratory issues, and fevers. After her blood work displayed high alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels, a biopsy revealed a stage four primary liver YST with lung metastasis. The infrequency and primary location of the tumor, combined with her age, create challenges in diagnosis and treatment. Due to its rarity, the reporting of this case may aid in diagnosis when encountered. We highlight and present our experience of management and prognosis of primary-hepatic YST when encountered in adolescents. Conclusion: At two years follow-up, the patient showed no evidence of recurrence or metastasis.