Operando Li-ion distribution measurement of all-solid-state batteries by Compton-scattered x rays

We report operando measurements of the Li-ion distribution in the anode and cathode of a coin-type all-solid-state battery in the charged and discharged states via Compton scattering using high-energy synchrotron radiation x-ray analysis. From the line shape pattern analysis of the Compton scattering x-ray spectrum, we accurately observed the Li-ion distribution within the cathode and anode during the charging/discharging of a real coin-shaped battery in an SUS casing. This study discusses the difference in Li-ion distribution between the cathode and anode and compares the Li-ion distribution of the battery after 20 charge–discharge cycles with those of a fresh battery.