Reverse Kegels Unveiled: A Modern Solution for Coccydynia

Coccydynia, commonly referred to as tailbone pain, is a condition characterized by discomfort or pain localized to the coccyx, affecting daily activities and quality of life. This condition can be triggered by trauma, prolonged sitting, childbirth, or other factors causing inflammation or injury to the coccyx. Coccydynia is relatively rare but disproportionately affects females due to anatomical differences, such as a wider pelvic angle and reduced coccygeal mobility. The causes are diverse, with many cases following traumatic events, repetitive strain injuries, childbirth, or biomechanical issues, though a significant portion remains idiopathic. Symptoms are often aggravated by prolonged sitting, direct pressure on the coccyx, or transitioning from sitting to standing, leading to significant functional limitations and reduced quality of life. Diagnosis typically involves a clinical history, physical examination, and imaging studies like dynamic radiographs and MRI, which can identify abnormal coccygeal mobility. Treatment ranges from conservative approaches, including physical therapy and localized injections, to surgical options such as coccygectomy. Despite these interventions, treatment outcomes vary, and no standardized management protocols exist. This review synthesizes recent studies on coccydynia, discussing its biomechanical and physiological aspects, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches. By analysing evidence-based practices, this paper aims to inform clinical decision-making and enhance patient outcomes in managing this challenging condition. Key words: Coccydynia, Tailbone pain, Coccyx injury, Chronic pain, Conservative treatment, Coccygectomy