Effectiveness of Square-Stepping Exercise to Improve Walking Speed and Functional Mobility in Elderly

Background and objective: Ageing involves a complex interplay of biological and genetic processes leading to functional decline and reduced quality of life. In elderly individuals, fear of falling can significantly diminish independence and physical function. Precise foot placement and quick stepping movements are crucial for maintaining balance and avoiding falls. The Square-Stepping Exercise (SSE) was studied for its effectiveness in enhancing walking speed and functional mobility among the elderly, highlighting its potential to improve their overall well-being and reduce the risk of falls. Methodology: A Quasi experimental study was conducted on 35 subjects of both gender with age group of 65-75 years with ABC scale score below 80%. Participants underwent a Square Stepping Exercise regimen for four weeks, three days per week. Walking speed and functional mobility pre- and post-treatment was assessed by 10-Meter Walk test and Timed Up and Go test. Results: The paired t-test demonstrated a remarkable and highly significant disparity in both pre and post-test measures of Walking speed (10MWT) and functional mobility (TUG) among the participants (p<0.001). Conclusion: The study concluded that Square-Stepping Exercise significantly improve functional mobility and walking speed while lowering fall risk in the elderly. Key words: Square stepping exercise, older adults, Fall, Fear of fall, Balance confidence, cadence, walking speed, mobility, ageing, elderly, functional fitness, physical activity.