Background Clutter Modeling of Spatio-Temporal Sea Clutter Suppression for Low Grazing Angle X-Band Marine Radar

The electromagnetic wave emitted by radar radiates on the sea surface to form backscattering echo is defined as sea clutter. The performance of marine radar in target detection is significantly impacted by the sea clutter. The intensity of the spiky in data collected by high resolution radar with a low grazing angle results in a trailing phenomenon in the statistical distribution, which varies with changes in sea state and environmental conditions. To address the issue of unstable matching between the sea clutter distribution and the real background clutter distribution caused by spatiotemporal changes, a statistical modeling of background clutter in X-band high resolution and low grazing angle marine radar data with suppressing sea clutter. The objective of this paper is to identify the most suitable statistical distribution for the data, and to assess both the overall goodness of fit for the clutter probability density function (PDF) and the local fit for the tail region of the cumulative distribution function (CDF). The findings indicate that the KK distribution exhibits the highest overall goodness of fit, while the WW distribution demonstrates the best local fit in the tail region of the CDF distribution.