Capacity Optimization Configuration Method for Energy Storage Considering Emergency Support

In recent years, the frequency of extreme global disaster events has increased, leading to large-scale outages in distribution systems and causing significant socioeconomic losses. Energy storage systems are crucial for ensuring the stability of electricity supply; however, focusing solely on disaster scenarios results in low energy storage utilization. Therefore, it is essential to comprehensively address the energy storage configuration problem in both normal and disaster scenarios. This study first analyzes the benefits of energy storage participation in spot markets and emergency power supply situations, constructing a revenue-risk model based on portfolio theory. Subsequently, it establishes an optimization configuration model for multi-scenario energy storage participation, considering both planning and operation. Simulation results demonstrate that, compared to energy storage participation in a single spot market, multi-scenario applications yield higher revenue and lower investment risk.