Fractional-Order PID Controller for MPPT of Variable-Speed Wind Turbines Using Genetic Algorithm

This paper focuses on the development of optimal control strategies under disturbance conditions for a variable-speed wind energy system (VSWES) in the presence of disturbance. The fractional-order PID controller (FOPID), referred to as <tex xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">${\bm{P}}{{{\bm{I}}}^{\bm{\lambda }}}{{{\bm{D}}}^{\bm{\mu }}}$</tex>, extends the traditional PID controller by offering enhanced flexibility, improved performance, and increased robustness. However, optimizing the parameters of this controller is a challenging task. In this work, genetic algorithms (GA) used to find approximate solutions to various problems, offering efficient optimization techniques. The proposed controller has been implemented as maximum power point trackers (MPPT) for the wind turbine. Simulation results confirm that fractional order PID controller optimized by GA offers the highest performance in terms of transient response and disturbance compensation, especially in terms of overshoot, response time and stabilization.