Renal Resistive Index as A Early Predictor of Renal Dysfunction in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Background : Type 2 diabetes develops over a long period of time, represents 85–90 per cent of all cases of diabetes . Diabetic nephropathy is a relatively common form of chronic renal disease. It is the most constant microvascular complication in diabetic patients.Conventional ultrasound and colour Doppler provide easily available, affordable and non-invasive follow up method for evaluation of kidneys in diabetic nephropathy. Aim :The purpose of this study is to assess the intrarenal resistivity index by Doppler ultrasonography in a group of diabetics with normal renal function in comparison to non diabetic controls and correlating them with biochemical parameters. Materials And Methods :The study was done over a period of 2 years from October 2020 To October 2022. The study I a case control study we evaluated the intra-renal hemodynamic changes with Doppler sonography in diabetic patients in comparison to non-diabetic controls, All the data was expressed as mean + SD. Differences between the two groups was analysed by t test and chi-square test. Categorical data expressed as frequency and percentages. Results And Observations The mean age in the diabetic group was 58.84 years SD + 15.61 years and age - non diabetic group was 56.66 years SD + 14.09 years . there was a negative correlation between age and diabetes mellitus with nephropathy , p > 0.0784 r -.026 A significant the correlation of the Mean resistivity index RI of the right kidney at the hilum was 0.63 the correlation was positive that is the resistance increased in diabetes mellitus as compared to non diabetic and this was significant with a p value 0 .049 significant . All the resistive indices were higher in the diabetic than the non diabetic individuals , the highest being in the midpole and it was statistically significant at all places in both kidneys with a p value <0.05. Conclusion :The renal Doppler indices are good indices to evaluate the renal dysfunction in the early stages. In this study, the blood sugar levels of all cases were at least moderately controlled, yet the renal indices showed gross anomaly even though the creatinine clearance was well above normal limits.