Quadrupole interaction of Tricomi–Gaussian beams with atoms

The interaction of light beams with atoms is one of the most important fields in physics, and the quadrupole transitions play an important role in such an interaction. In this work, we focus on the quadrupole interaction of Tricomi–Gaussian beams with atoms. The analytical expression of the paraxial Tricomi–Gaussian beams is derived using the angular spectrum representation. The formulas for describing the quadrupole interaction of Tricomi–Gaussian beams with two-level atoms are presented. The Cs atom is taken as an example, and the spatial distributions of the quadrupole Rabi frequency for such a two-level atom in Tricomi–Gaussian beams with different parameters are simulated and analyzed. It is revealed that the Rabi frequency of an atom in Tricomi–Gaussian beams can be flexibly controlled by choosing the asymmetric constants and order of the beams, which provides a pathway for tuning the repulsive potential and trapping potential acting on the atoms. This study is expected to provide useful insights into the interactions of Tricomi–Gaussian beams with atoms and their further applications.