Nucleic Acid-based Identification of Major Honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) Viruses in the Jammu Region of India

The present investigation was conducted from 2019 to 2020 to study the incidence pattern and molecular diagnosis of major honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) viral diseases in different areas of Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir (UT). Using the RT-PCR technology, research was done to confirm that A. mellifera is infected by the Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV), the Thai sacbrood virus (TSBV), the Kashmir bee virus (KBV), and sacbrood virus (SBV). Particular primers for distinct viruses verified the existence of the virus in chosen samples from various areas, including Jammu, Samba, Ramban, and Udhampur. The samples taken from all four districts were found to contain illness. Clear and distinct bands with molecular sizes of roughly 110, 122, and 119 bp for IAPV, KBV, and SBV were formed by primer pairs of various viruses. The four districts’ samples contained no evidence of the Thai sacbrood virus. The incidence range of Israeli acute paralysis disease was 8.33 to 21.42 %. The incidence range for Kashmir bee disease was 5.71 to 28.33 %. The incidence range for sacbrood disease was 8.0–18.55%. In the apiary at SKUAST-J, Chatha, the incidence ranges for IAPV, KBV, and SBV diseases were 0 to 6.25, 0 to 4.16, and 0 to 9.43 %, respectively.