Sanitary-chemical assessment of the impact of solid municipal and industrial waste disposal sites on the soil quality

Introduction. Currently, most of the waste is disposed of in landfills. Burial as a method of waste disposal is one of the main methods of waste management in the territories in all countries, regardless of their level of economic development. Landfills are sources of continuous and long-term chemical effects on environmental objects. Chemicals entering the soil with household and industrial waste are heavy metals and organic substances. If hygienic requirements are violated during waste disposal, the soil is primarily polluted, which can contribute to the migration of toxic substances into the media in contact with it, especially into groundwater. The purpose of the work was to conduct a sanitary and chemical assessment of the impact of landfills on soil quality. Materials and methods. Sanitary and chemical assessment of eighty two soil samples taken in the territories of landfills for solid household and industrial waste, and in the territory of the forest belt (background). Based on the results of the detection of gross and mobile forms of heavy metals and petroleum products in the soil, the hazard coefficient (Co) and the chemical concentration coefficient (Cs) and the total hazard coefficient Zc were calculated. Results. A sanitary and hygienic assessment of the soils of landfills for the disposal of solid municipal and industrial waste and located on the territory of Yarovoye showed that, taking into account all the studied indices (the content of gross and mobile forms of metals, the total pollution index), these landfill soils belong to the category of moderately hazardous. The greatest contribution to soil pollution in the landfill is made by petroleum products, nickel, copper, molybdenum, chromium, lead, boron, antimony, strontium, barium in the landfill. Limitations. The limitation of the study is that the assessment was carried out according to the content of heavy metals and petroleum products, but due to the lack of normative values, the comparison for those indicators that do not have maximum permissible concentrations (MPC) / approximate permissible concentrations (APC) was conducted with background values. Conclusion. A sanitary and hygienic assessment of the soils of solid waste and waste disposal sites located on the territory of the city of Yarovoye showed that, taking into account all the studied indices (the content of gross and mobile forms of metals, the total pollution indicator), these soils must be classified as moderately hazardous.