Research on the Application of Maize Genome Editing Technology in High-yield Breeding

With the continuous growth of global population, there is an increasing demand for high-yield crops, and how to improve the yield of maize, as an important food and feed crop, has become one of the important directions of agricultural research. Although traditional breeding techniques have made progress in improving high-yield traits in maize, their long cycle time and low efficiency make it difficult to meet the rapidly growing production demand. The emergence of genome editing technologies, especially the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has brought new opportunities for maize high-yield breeding. This paper systematically reviews the application of genome editing technology in maize breeding, focusing on the methods of target gene screening, optimization of editing tools and evaluation of high-yield traits, and describes the research results of the current technology in enhancing maize yield. The potential application value of novel editing tools in the maize genome editing process in future efficient breeding was analyzed. This study provides theoretical support and technical guidance for the use of genome editing technology to realize the precise improvement of high-yield traits in maize.