Effect of DBD Plasma/Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles on the Printability of Wool Fabric With Beetroot Peels as a Natural Dye

ABSTRACT The treatment of wool with plasma reduces wet‐out time, which is important for dyeing processes. Additionally, the incorporation of nanoparticles could enhance the antibacterial properties of the wool, making it more suitable for various applications, especially in textiles where hygiene is a concern. We investigated the effects of oxygen plasma treatment and ZnO nanoparticles on the printability of wool fabric dyed with beetroot peels. The study assessed several parameters, including color strength ( K / S ), fastness properties, wet‐out time, FTIR analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and antibacterial effects. The FTIR study revealed an increase in hydroxyl functional groups following the treatment of wool fabric with oxygen plasma and ZnO nanoparticles. This increase suggests that the surface of the wool became more reactive due to these treatments. Additionally, the enhanced conductivity observed in the treated wool is attributed to the synergistic effect of combining oxygen plasma treatment with ZnO nanoparticles. This combination not only improves the fabric's surface activity but also facilitates better interaction with dyes. The improvements in surface properties were corroborated by contact angle measurements, which approached zero, indicating enhanced hydrophilicity. Additionally, tensile strength measurements confirmed these enhancements, demonstrating increased durability. Overall, the treatment of printed wool fabrics resulted in vibrant, long‐lasting colors while also improving antibacterial properties and printability.