Techno-economic optimization for BESS sizing and operation considering degradation and ramp rate limit requirement

In systems with significant renewable energy penetration, ramp rate limits are essential for maintaining grid frequency stability. Developing methodologies to manage this requirement is crucial for new power plant commissioning. This work proposes an optimization-based methodology for Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) sizing while meeting ramp rate requirements. A key concern with BESS is estimating its lifetime, so the proposed method includes degradation calculation as a main contribution. The methodology allows the evaluation of different scenarios, focusing on the importance of including degradation in BESS sizing, the technical requirements for meeting ramp rate limits, the assessment of various BESS technologies, and the exploration of different operating strategies, business cases, and market frameworks. These aspects are investigated using a hypothetical PV power plant based on solar data from southern Spain.