Insights into the Structure–Property–Function Relationships of Silicon-Based Anode Binders for Lithium-Ion Batteries

As a highly promising electrode material for future batteries, silicon (Si) is considered an alternative anode, which has garnered significant attention due to its exceptional theoretical gravimetric capacity, low working potential, and abundant natural resources. Nonetheless, the real-world usage of silicon anodes is hampered by huge challenges such as drastic volumetric expansion, poor structural interfacial stability, and unstable solid electrolyte interface. To tackle these challenges, significant endeavors have been increasingly channeled into the creation of novel binders. Adhesive, as an element of the silicon electrode, is crucial for preserving structural stability. Therefore, designing multifunctional binder stress dissipation networks is one of the important strategies to overcome the challenges of commercializing silicon anodes. This paper reviews recent advances in silicon anode binders and explores the structural-functional properties of these binders. Binders can be classified based on their structure into linear, branched, three-dimensional networks, and multiconjugated. The functional properties of different structural design strategies are discussed in depth, focusing on mechanical and electrical conductivity. Special attention is given to the design strategy of multifunctional stress-release binder networks. Finally, the article addresses the challenges and future directions of silicon anode binder research and offers suggestions for the continued advancement of high-performance silicon anode lithium-ion batteries.