Research on the champion physical fitness model of freestyle skiing aerials athletes in preparation for the Beijing Winter olympics

The objective of this study is to establish a champion physical fitness model of freestyle skiing aerials athletes, thereby enhancing athletes' competitive ability and providing a reference for scientific training and monitoring in the 2026 Milan Winter Olympics. Initiated with a literature review, the study proceeded through expert interviews and questionnaire surveys to determine the physical fitness measurement items. A total of 29 elite athletes voluntarily participated in the test. Using statistical analysis, this study developed a physical fitness model based on three key aspects: indicator, weight, and quantitative models. The results indicate that the indicator model encompasses primary indicators of body morphology, physiological function, and athletic quality, along with 11 related secondary and tertiary indicators. The tertiary indicators include lean body mass, waist/height×100, lower limb length/height×100, relative maximum anaerobic power, relative maximum oxygen uptake, blood urea, 1RM barbell squat, overhead barbell squat on balance pads, side throw ball, 30-meter sprint, and 12-minute run. The weight model assigned different weight values to these indicators based on their importance in physical fitness assessments. The quantitative model, developed through factor analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression, includes the champion physical fitness characteristics model and the performance prediction model. The champion physical fitness characteristics model uses box plots to visually present the physical fitness differences between champions and other athletes, highlighting the superior physical characteristics of the champions. The performance prediction model identified training experience, relative maximum anaerobic power, 1RM barbell squat, and overhead barbell squat on balance pads as key predictive variables. This model provides forward-looking training guidance and competitive strategy recommendations for coaches and athletes.