Evaluating the Effectiveness of Existing In-service Training Courses on Infection Prevention and Control in Nurses: An Evaluation Using the Kirkpatrick Model

Background: Evaluating the effectiveness of educational courses is essential for ensuring high-quality healthcare. Objectives: This study assessed the effectiveness of current in-service training courses on infection prevention and control for nurses, using the Kirkpatrick evaluation model. Methods: This evaluative study was conducted at Shiraz Army Hospital in 2024, involving 40 nurses and 10 supervisors. The educational program consisted of interactive workshops held over two days, covering topics such as standard precautions, isolation procedures, and hand hygiene. The evaluation followed Kirkpatrick’s four levels: Reaction, learning, behavior, and impact. Nurses' reactions and knowledge were measured using validated questionnaires, while supervisors assessed behavioral changes. Data were analyzed with SPSS 26, using descriptive statistics and a one-sample t-test. Results: All four levels of the Kirkpatrick model were evaluated. Nurses reported a mean reaction score of 3.73 (SD = 0.80), reflecting positive feedback on the training. Knowledge scores significantly increased from a pre-test mean of 2.39 (SD = 0.74) to a post-test mean of 3.72 (SD = 0.74) (P < 0.001). Supervisors observed a behavioral improvement, with scores increasing from 2.34 (SD = 0.94) to 3.72 (SD = 0.74) (P = 0.004). Furthermore, the nosocomial infection index decreased from 0.7 to 0.5 (P = 0.002) following the training. Conclusions: The findings demonstrate the effectiveness of current in-service training courses on infection prevention and control for nurses. The Kirkpatrick model proved to be a valuable evaluation tool, underscoring the importance of ongoing assessment of nurses’ competencies to enhance infection prevention practices.