Assessment of Geomagnetically Induced Currents (GICs) in Johor Malaysia During the Severe Geomagnetic Storm of 11th May 2024

This study examines the susceptibility of Malaysia's power grid to geomagnetically induced currents (GICs) during the severe geomagnetic storm of 10th -11th May 2024, the most intense geomagnetic storm since 2003. GICs pose significant threats to power grid integrity, especially during severe geomagnetic storms, yet low-latitude regions like Malaysia have received limited attention. Utilizing data from geomagnetic observatories in Johor, we analyzed key solar wind parameters and geomagnetic indices. Our methodology involved calculating the rate of change of the horizontal magnetic field (dH/dt) and conducting a power spectral density (PSD) analysis. The results indicated significant dH/dt variations exceeding the 30 nT/min threshold, suggesting high GICs potential. PSD analysis identified dominant frequencies between 0.01 to 0.1 Hz, with increased power during local daytime hours. These findings underscore the critical need for continuous monitoring and real-time analysis to mitigate GICs impacts, providing valuable insights into space weather effects on low-latitude regions.