Investigating the Impact of Lithology and Lineament Structures to the Drainage Morphometry of Carrascal Watershed, Surigao Del Sur, Mindanao, Philippines Using Correlation and Principal Component Analyses

The impact of lithology and lineament structures to the drainage morphometry of the Carrascal watershed, Surigao del Sur, Mindanao Island, Philippines were examined to determine the drainage network evolution of the area. Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar Digital Elevation Model (IfSAR DEM) were utilized for lineament extraction, and the lithologic map was digitized from existing geologic maps in ArcMap 10.8. Linear, aerial, and relief aspects of drainage morphometry were given focus on this study. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) identified key parameters—basin length, basin relief, circularity ratio, drainage texture, and bifurcation ratio—as influential in the drainage system. The significant correlations of morphometric parameters to the lithology and lineament structures in the watershed suggest that geologic structures play a major role in shaping the hydrological characteristic and the geomorphology of Carrascal watershed. These insights are valuable for government agencies to enhance watershed conservation, planning, development and hazard risk assessment strategies.