Etiological Spectrum of Recurrent Abdominal Pain in Preschool Children: A One-Year Comprehensive Investigation Reveals a Predominance of Non-Organic Causes

Background: Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a common concern affecting preschool children, impacting their daily activities. This one-year study, conducted from March 2017 to February 2018, aimed to explore the etiological spectrum of RAP in this age group, with a specific focus on differentiating between organic and non-organic causes. Methods: Eighty preschool children presenting with RAP were enrolled in the study. A comprehensive investigation included thorough interviews, physical examinations, and initial blood, urine, and stool evaluations. Additional diagnostic modalities, such as abdominal ultrasonography, radiography, and endoscopy, were employed. Data analysis involved both descriptive and inferential statistics to categorize and understand the distribution of organic and non-organic causes. Results: Among the 80 preschool children investigated, 37.5% exhibited organic causes, with urinary tract infections (UTIs) being the most prevalent (20%), either alone or coexisting with other parasitic infections. Non-organic causes dominated, comprising 62.5% of cases. Psychosocial factors, including school phobia, sibling rivalry, and familial discord, were identified as significant contributors to RAP. Conclusion: This comprehensive one-year study reveals a notable predominance of non-organic causes of recurrent abdominal pain in preschool children. UTIs were the leading organic cause, while psychosocial factors emerged as significant influencers. These findings underscore the importance of considering both medical and psychosocial aspects in the evaluation and management of RAP in this age group. Further research and instrumental support are warranted to enhance our understanding and refine therapeutic approaches for preschool children with recurrent abdominal pain.