Comparing the Yield of Various Wheat Varieties in the Climatic Conditions of Maidan Wardak Province

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a staple crop in Afghanistan that is vital to nutrition, food security, and farmer income. It is widely cultivated in different ecological regions in the country and is highly dependent on seasonal precipitation. Varieties with good agronomic performance help farmers earn more and improve their food security. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during the winter season of 2022- 23 at the Agriculture Faculty Research Farm of Wardak University to compare the growth and yield of different wheat varieties in Wardak climatic conditions. The experiment comprised four different wheat crop varieties, V1: Solh 0.18, V2: Elham 0.15, V3: Wahdat 0.15, and V4: Diama 0, 17. Out of four varieties, Solh and Elham were winter wheat varieties, while the Daima and Wahdat were facultative wheat varieties. Three replicates of the experiment were set up in a randomized complete block design. Cultivation, irrigation, fertilization, weeding, and other fields were the same for all varieties. As a result, The V3 and V2 significantly increased plant height, number of tillers per m2, number of spikes per m2, number of spikelets per spike, number of grain per spike, number of grain per spikelet,1000 seed weight, and grain yield per ha, respectively, compared to the V4. Considering the performances of varieties, it seems that V3 and V2 have the potential to produce high-yield products in Maidan Wardak, Afghanistan.