Integrating UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaboration in future industrialized agriculture: Analysis, opportunities and challenges

• The existing UAV-UGV system could not cope with dynamic environments and tasks. • The bionic mechanism should be applied to the development of UAV-UGV system. • Embodied intelligence control should be applied to the development of UAV-UGV system. • High-power edge computing board of UAV-UGV system should be taken seriously. • The adaptability of UAV-UGV system to dynamic environment should be enhanced. Industrialized agriculture is the direction of future agricultural development, which is developing in the direction of scale, diversification, unmanned and integration. The cooperative operation of UAV , UGV and UAV-UGV is a hot topic in the field of intelligent agricultural multi-machine research. However, at present, most of the research projects have not systematically given the solutions of UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaborative application in the future industrialized agriculture. Therefore, we propose the development model of future industrialized agriculture, which derives the key technologies and applications of agricultural UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaboration. We summarize and discuss the difficulties and innovative design of the application of UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaboration technology in the future industrialized environment, and analyze the opportunities and challenges of the application of UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaboration technology in combination with future industrialized agricultural production. Finally, we describe that more technologies (multi-modal sensing technology, embodied intelligent control technology, edge computing technology, end-edge cloud collaborative management and control technology, virtual reality, augmented reality, etc.) are the future research directions for the application of UAV, UGV and UAV-UGV collaboration in industrialized agriculture.