The Clinical Conundrum of Periapical Lesions: Granuloma or Cyst?

Periapical lesions typically arise as a result of pulp disease, often due to untreated dental caries, secondary to trauma or periodontal disease. There is a cascade of pathologies one leading to another. Periapical lesion usually represents sequelae of pulpitis. [1] This case report documents a puzzling dental situation in a 20-year- old female. Initial clinical evaluation suggested an infected root stump, however, histopathological examination revealed a periapical granuloma. We highlight the systematic analysis and decision making process leading to the revised diagnosis, underscoring the importance of integrated clinical and histopathological assessment in resolving complex dental dilemmas.