The Involvement of the European Powers in the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922 from the Perspective of the Documents of the Second Department of Polish General Staff (Polish: Oddział II Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego)

Fought between 1919 and 1922, the Greek-Turkish War, also known as the Turkish War of Independence, involved numerous states that were superpowers at the time or aspired to such a role. The primary belligerents, Greece and Turkey (both Sultan loyalists and Kemal Pasha’s nationalists), were intermittently supported by external actors throughout the course of the conflict, including Britain, France, Italy, and Bolshevik Russia. Poland, as a country politically and militarily tied to the Western powers and fighting for its independence and the shape of its borders, was also interested in events in Asia Minor. Through its intelligence and diplomatic services, it received information on the course of this conflict and the aforementioned involvement of third countries. The principal objective of this article is to present the Polish perspective on these events, based on the available archival material of the Second Department of Polish General Staff.