Problems and future improvement directions in pBRDF model

Polarization information analysis is of great significance in military target reconnaissance and preventing weather interference such as rain and fog, and has advantages in highlighting artificial targets and identifying materials. The polarization bidirectional reflection distribution function (pBRDF) model has attracted the attention of scholars due to its ability to well describe the reflection and scattering of polarized light on object surfaces, and has important applications in the field of polarization detection. However, most of the existing pBRDF models have not accounted for the polarization characteristics differences caused by object color differences, which has significant limitations in practical applications. Therefore, in this article, we validated the classic pBRDF models through experiments and pointed out their existing problems. Then, through theoretical and experimental analysis, we proved that considering only specular reflection in the PBRDF model is insufficient, and analyzed the influence of different colors on the the Degree of Liner Polarization (DoLP) of objects. In addition, we also analyzed the influence of target surface roughness on object surface polarization, proving that considering roughness in the pBRDF model is correct. Finally, we analyzed the possible improvement directions for the pBRDF model in the future. Our work has made valuable explorations into the physical interpretability of polarization characteristics and the practical application of polarization detection.