Development of a novel tool to simulate solar thermal cogeneration plants using small-capacity tower plants

• A tool was developed to simulate small-capacity solar thermal cogeneration plants. • The system integrates solar tower micro-gas turbines with a desalination unit. • The simulation shows efficient joint production of electricity and freshwater. • Summer results show 20 % more electricity and water output compared to winter. • A maximum solar fraction of 33 % was achieved in July, reflecting seasonal variation. Water scarcity and sustainable energy production are critical global challenges. This study addresses these issues by developing a simulation tool for solar thermal cogeneration plants that integrate a micro-gas turbine with a central receiver solar power plant with multi-effect desalination units. This integration can produce both electricity and freshwater without energy penalties. The simulation tool, implemented using Python, has been applied to a coastal location in Cyprus. Results indicate a 20 % higher output of electricity and freshwater during summer compared to winter, with a maximum solar fraction of 33 % achieved in July. This approach demonstrates the potential for efficient, small-scale renewable energy solutions to simultaneously meet water and energy needs.