Robust Planning of Photovoltaic Power Stations Considering Carbon Emission Based on LCA

To enhance the economic performance of photovoltaic (PV) power stations within microgrids, a capacity planning method for PV power stations is conducted in conjunction with a full lifecycle assessment approach (LCA). Initially, a full lifecycle assessment method that can calculate the carbon emissions per unit PV capacity is proposed, and it is incorporated into the PV planning costs. To address the uncertainty of PV generation, a two-stage robust optimization model (TSROM) is used to optimize the PV capacity. The first stage minimizes the capacity investment costs and carbon emission costs, including the capacities of PV, ES, and diesel generators. The second stage, considering the uncertainty of PV generation, establishes a bi-level model to minimize operational costs under the most adverse conditions of PV generation. The case studies validate the effectiveness of the model and explore the impact of the PV carbon emission factor on PV capacity planning.