Insights Into YOLOv9-Based Breast Mass Detection Using Ultrasound Images

The most prevalent form of cancer globally is breast cancer, which predominantly impacts women. Early detection ensures successful treatment of breast cancer, significantly improving patients' survival chances. Various imaging modalities, including mammography and ultrasound, are utilized for breast cancer screening. Incorporating new technologies is essential for better patient management, particularly for those with malignant masses. Artificial intelligence can assist radiologists by training neural networks to detect breast lesions on mammograms or ultrasounds using deep learning techniques. In this article, the YOLOv9 network is trained on two public ultrasound databases, UDIAT and BUSIS. The network successfully localized malignant and benign masses with a precision of 83%, a recall of 82%, and a mAP of 87% in the UDIAT dataset. In the BUSIS dataset, our model achieved a precision of 75%, a recall of 88%, and a mAP of 90%. Furthermore, we used real Moroccan cases to evaluate the model's performance.