Model- free Power Flow Calculation of Distribution Networks Considering Incomplete Observability and High Photovoltaic Penetration

Considering the incomplete observability of the distribution grid and the increasing penetration of renewable energy sources, traditional power flow calculations face challenges in terms of both accuracy and speed. This paper proposes a model-free power flow calculation that investigates the performance of power flow calculation under incomplete observability and the presence of photovoltaic (PV) generation. Simulation results carried out in IEEE 14-bus, IEEE 39-bus and IEEE 118-bus test systems demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed method in terms of both accuracy and speed, even when accounting for incomplete observability and high penetration of photovoltaic systems.