Research and Analysis of Development History and Development Status of Foreign and Domestic VPP

The transition of virtual power plants (VPPs) from being a technical term to becoming a hot trend in policy, business, and energy industries has rapidly evolved in recent years. VPP has become highly important to build clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient modern energy systems. This paper investigates the embodiment of VPP from the Chinese perspective. Firstly, the development history and status of VPP abroad (outside China) are analyzed taking Europe (Germany as the focus of analysis) and America as examples. Furthermore, the evolution characteristics of the VPP during three generations are discussed. Secondly, the development history and status of domestic (inside China) VPP are elaborated and summarized from six aspects of VPP policy, platform, regulation, business, and market. This comprehensive review provides significant guidance for the rational and convenient rapid development and commercial application of domestic VPP.