Physico-Chemical Analysis of Electrodes Based on Nanocarbon

Nanoelectrodes are characterized as electrodes with a critical dimension in the nanometer scale, where “critical dimension” refers to the size that governs the electrochemical behavior. Typically, nanoelectrodes are defined by this critical dimension, which ranges from one nanometer to several hundred nanometers. Beyond their dimensional characteristics, the unique properties exhibited by materials and devices at the nanoscale hold significant scientific and technological relevance. Nanoelectrodes can be categorized into individual nanoelectrodes, nanoelectrode arrays (NEAs), or nanoelectrode ensembles (NEEs). Individual nanoelectrodes are often composed of carbon fibers or metals, such as platinum and gold, which are fabricated through heating or electrochemical etching techniques.