Theoretical and methodological principles of improving physical and functional fitness of taekwondists

The article analyzes the theoretical and methodological principles of improving the physical and functional fitness of taekwondo athletes in the preparatory period at the stage of preliminary basic training. The structure and content of the experimental program for improving the physical and functional fitness of taekwondo athletes at the stage of preliminary basic training, which takes into account the individual capabilities of the athletes, is substantiated. The analysis and generalization of the scientific and methodological literature on the research problem showed that the stage of preliminary basic training is the foundation for increasing the functional reserves of the body and expanding the adaptive capabilities of taekwondo athletes and occupies an important place among the stages of multi-year improvement of athletes. It has been proven that physical and functional training are important components of the stage of preliminary basic training, and their improvement in taekwondo is an actual scientific and practical task of modern sports. The need to develop new programs for the construction of the training process, which take into account the ever-increasing volume of training and competition loads and are built taking into account the individual capabilities of taekwondo players, is emphasized. The modern features of taekwondo training are revealed, taking into account the means and methods of appropriate intensity, volume of loads, taking into account the morpho-functional features of athletes in the educational and training process. The most significant aspects of the training of taekwondo players that affect the optimization of the level of training of athletes have been determined. It was found that one of the effective ways of optimizing the system of training athletes is the individualization of various components of the training process. The structure and content of the experimental program for improving the physical and functional fitness of taekwondo athletes at the stage of preliminary basic training, which takes into account the individual capabilities of athletes, is substantiated; The components of physical load have been developed taking into account the level of physical capacity of Greco-Roman wrestlers within the general preparatory and special preparatory stages of the preparatory period of the half-year training cycle.