Extend Wireless Sensor Networks Lifetime which use Cluster-Based Routing Protocol, Namely Leach

Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) is a spatially distributed sensors that can monitor environmental and exchange that information with each other over wireless medium. Due to their energy restrictions, their limited storage capability, and positioning in hostile environments, WSNs are vulnerable to various routing attacks. Sinkhole attack is the main issue in the said wireless sensor network which permanently disable sensor node by draining nodes battery power and drop all packets and prevent it to reach the base station. Cluster-based routing protocols are developed to undertake this problem, and the Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy (LEACH) is one of the best-known protocols of this type. It is very important to secure the communication between nodes and prevent against different attacks especially in cluster based WSN that run LEACH routing protocol. Therefore, this paper proposes an algorithm for extending the lifetime of Wireless Sensor Network which uses a clustering-based routing protocol namely LEACH for its routing operation in IPRC-Huye Campus. The proposed algorithm indicates the random election of normal nodes and then flags the dead nodes at each epoch and then increment accordingly. The cluster head(CH) election is done by calculating the ratio of optimal election probability and the modulation of rounds. The dissipated energy is now obtained based on the energy data aggregation and the distance between nodes. Above all, the simulation result is shown for the proposed algorithm which is proven to be efficient compared with the existing one, namely, LEACH, in terms of minimum computational complexity and high energy efficiency. Moreover, the algorithm was numerically analyzed using MATLAB.