A Study on Thyroid abnormalities in chronic kidney disease patients in a tertiary care hospital

It is important to consider the physiological association of thyroid dysfunction in relation to chronic kidney disease (CKD). The decline of kidney function is accompanied by changes in the synthesis, secretion, metabolism, and elimination of thyroid hormones. Patients with End Stage Renal Disease showed a variety of endocrine abnormalities. Patients with End Stage Renal Disease showed a variety of endocrine abnormalities Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Patients with CKD often have signs and symptoms suggestive of thyroid dysfunction and hence the diagnosis of thyroid disease in these patients has obvious prognostic implications. The study assessed the prevalence of thyroid disorders, thyroid function test, and thyroid function test parameters with severity of renal failure.In our study 90 patients of CKD who were on conservative management fulfilling the criteria for CKD were studied. In the study, the overall prevalence of thyroid dysfunction was 57.8% in patients with chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of Subclinical hypothyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients was 37.8 % in our study. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in chronic kidney disease patients was 20% in our study. About 42.2% of the study group had euthyroidism. There was no CKD patients with hyperthyroidism in our study thus implying that it is a lesser seen abnormality in Chronic kidney disease. The prevalence of hypothyroidism in CKD stages 2,3,4,5 was 22.2%, 22.2%,27.8%, 27.8% respectively. The prevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism in CKD stages 2,3,4,5 was 17.6%, 26.5%, 23.5%, 32.4% respectively. There was a significant correlation between the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and the stages of CKD. In CKD stage 2, prevalence of euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism was 2.6%, 17.6% and 22.2% respectively. In CKD stage 3, prevalence of euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism was 28.9%, 26.5%, and 22.2% respectively. In CKD stage 4, prevalence of euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism was 50.0%, 23.5%, and 27.8% respectively. In CKD stage 5, prevalence of euthyroid, subclinical hypothyroidism and hypothyroidism was 18.4%, 32.4% and 27.8% respectively.