Impact of Large-Scale Sodic Soils Reclamation Projects in Uttar Pradesh: Key Insights for Policy Implications

Uttar Pradesh state in India is vital for national food security, requiring sustainable rehabilitation of sodic soils predominant in the state. The Uttar Pradesh Bhumi Sudhar Nigam (UPBSN) has led sodic land reclamation programme since 1993 with World Bank support. This study aims to: (a) analyse the project design; (b) assess the impact of the Uttar Pradesh Sodic Lands Reclamation Projects (UPSLRPs); and (c) summarize lessons learnt. The reclamation efforts significantly improved crop yields and agricultural productivity, while enhancing local villagers' awareness and skills in resource management. Grassroots institutions were crucial for executing activities that aimed at poverty alleviation through sodic soil reclamation. Over three project phases, activities improved soil health, provided quality inputs, and fostered collaborative resource management. The project also promoted crop diversification, gender equity, women's empowerment, and livestock productivity. Additionally, improved infrastructure and market access, led to better price realization of produce. A key insight was the importance of engaging local communities in land reclamation projects.