Analysis of the effects of psychotropic drugs targeting neurotransmitters and their receptors

Abstract. Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in the production and treatment of psychiatric disorders. A neurotransmitter is a chemical that transmits signals and is very closely associated with a variety of neural activities such as mood, memory, growth and development, and drug addiction. In recent years, significant progress has been made in the research on psychiatric diseases caused by uneven neurotransmitter secretion and drug treatment for psychiatric disorders. By studying the way drugs act on different neurotransmitters and their receptors, regulate the functional activities of the brain or body, so as to effectively improve the symptoms of patients, and analyze the mechanism of action of each drug to obtain the most effective drugs with minimal side effects to further treat psychiatric diseases. However, the current scientific and technological conditions are limited, and the specific mechanism of action of some drugs has not yet been determined. This article analyzes various neurotransmitters, such as serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine, dopamine, psychiatric diseases caused by unbalanced secretion, and the mechanism of action of their representative therapeutic drugs, which provides a theoretical basis for the clinical treatment of psychiatric diseases in the future. There are still a small number of drugs with unclear mechanisms of action and unsolved drug side effects, and future research can focus on the direction of drug application safety.